In electrical systems, what is the difference between single-phase and three-phase power systems?

In electrical systems, single-phase power consists of a single sine wave, which means it has one alternating current (AC) waveform. This is often utilized in residential applications where the load is relatively low. For example, household appliances typically run on single-phase power.

In contrast, three-phase power consists of three separate sine waves, each offset by 120 degrees from one another. This configuration allows for a more balanced load distribution, higher power delivery, and improved efficiency for larger or industrial applications. The three-phase system can provide continuous power flow, which is advantageous for motors and other equipment, as it reduces fluctuations in power and enables operation at higher efficiency levels.

This distinction highlights why choice B is accurate; it directly addresses the number of waveforms involved in the two systems, clearly defining the fundamental difference between them. The other options do not provide correct information regarding the characteristics of single-phase and three-phase power systems.